The Taroko National Park (in Chinese: 太魯閣國家公園) is one of Taiwan’s nine national parks, known for hosting the wonderful Taroko Gorge, one of its major attractions. This protected area spans territories in Taichung City, Nantou District, and Hualien County, offering a wide diversity of mountainous landscapes, deep valleys, and unique ecosystems.
Along its trails, suspension bridges, and temples, in Taroko it is possible to immerse oneself in the natural wealth and cultural heritage of the indigenous communities that have inhabited the region for centuries.
Content
- 1 Information about Taroko National Park
- 2 How to Get to Taroko National Park
- 3 Geography of Taroko
- 4 Flora of Taroko
- 5 Fauna of Taroko: Mammals, Birds, and Reptiles
- 6 Recommended Excursions and Activities
- 7 What to See and Do in Taroko National Park
- 8 Historic Indigenous Communities in Taroko
- 9 Taroko Cuisine
- 10 Accommodation in Taroko
Information about Taroko National Park
History
Originally, the park was established under the name Tsugitaka-Taroko National Park on December 12, 1937, during the period when Taiwan was under the control of the Japanese Empire. However, after Japan’s defeat in World War II and the subsequent withdrawal of its government, the new government of the Republic of China decided to dismantle the park on August 15, 1945. It wasn’t until November 28, 1986, that it was reestablished as Taroko National Park, as we know it today, with the aim of preserving its valuable natural and cultural resources.
Its name, "Taroko," comes from the language of the indigenous Truku people, and refers to the sounds of the river flowing through the canyon. Since then, the park has been a popular destination for tourists and scholars of geology and biology alike.
Location
Taroko National Park is located in Hualien County, on Taiwan’s east coast. This park stands out for its diverse geography, including mountains, valleys, rivers, and the famous Taroko Gorge. With an area of more than 920 square kilometers, it encompasses landscapes ranging from sea level to heights of over 3,700 meters at some of its tallest peaks.
Best Time to Visit Taroko
Taroko National Park can be visited year-round, but the fall months (October to November) offer the most pleasant weather, with mild temperatures and a lower risk of typhoons. It is advisable to plan your visit according to weather conditions and avoid the summer months due to heavy rains.
How to Get to Taroko National Park
Access to Taroko National Park is relatively easy due to its proximity to several major cities in Taiwan. Various nearby cities and towns of cultural interest are good options for overnight stays when visiting the park.
From Hualien
Hualien is the closest city to Taroko National Park and serves as the main gateway for visitors. From Hualien train station, it is possible to take a direct bus to the park. The trip takes approximately 40 minutes. Additionally, many organized tours and taxi services also depart from Hualien, making access easier. Hualien is a city with a vibrant cultural life, and many people enjoy exploring its night market and port before heading to the park.
From Taipei
Taipei, Taiwan’s capital, is located north of the park and is a popular starting point for tourists. From Taipei, you can take an express train (TRA) to Hualien, a journey that takes around 2-3 hours, depending on the type of train. Once in Hualien, you need to continue to the park by bus or taxi. A visit to Taroko is often combined with a tour of Taipei, which offers a rich cultural offering with its museums, temples, and the iconic Taipei 101.
From Taichung
For those located in central Taiwan, Taichung is another option to reach Taroko. Although the journey is longer than from Taipei, trains connect Taichung to Hualien, making the trip possible in about 4-5 hours. Taichung is known for its artistic and cultural scene, with the National Taiwan Museum of Fine Arts and the Metropolitan Park being recommended stops before continuing on to Taroko.
From Nantou
Nantou, located in central Taiwan, also offers access to the park, especially for those wishing to combine their visit with a stop at the famous Sun Moon Lake. From Nantou, the trip to Taroko can be made by car or combining various means of transportation, taking around 5-6 hours. Sun Moon Lake is a tourist attraction for its scenic beauty and cultural significance to Taiwan’s indigenous peoples.
Geography of Taroko
Taroko National Park is characterized by its complex geological formation, the result of millions of years of tectonic activity. The collision of the Eurasian and Philippine plates has created a mountainous landscape with deep canyons and unique rock formations. The Taroko Gorge is one of the most notable examples of this process, with its marble walls sculpted by the Liwu River.
Taroko Gorge is a natural wonder, spanning about 18 kilometers, and is undoubtedly one of the main areas to visit in the park’s protected area.
Additionally, it has water sources that enhance its biodiversity, such as the Liwu River, which is the park’s main artery, and along its course, numerous waterfalls can be found, including the famous Baiyang Waterfall and Shuilian Waterfall. These waterfalls offer spectacular and refreshing views during hikes on nearby trails.
Flora of Taroko
The park is home to a rich variety of flora, with more than 1,500 plant species. From subtropical forests to alpine meadows, the park’s vegetation changes notably with altitude. Among the most notable endemic species are the Taiwan cypress and several types of wild orchids.
Fauna of Taroko: Mammals, Birds, and Reptiles
Taroko National Park is home to various animal species, many of which are endemic to the island. Among the mammals, the Formosan sambar (Rusa unicolor swinhoii) and the Formosan black bear (Ursus thibetanus formosanus) stand out. Birds, such as the Mikado pheasant (Syrmaticus mikado), are also common in the park’s mountainous areas. The park’s wildlife is a major attraction for nature enthusiasts.
Recommended Excursions and Activities
What to See and Do in Taroko National Park
Taroko Gorge
Taroko Gorge, stretching over 19 kilometers, is one of the park’s major attractions. The vertical marble walls, in shades of white, gray, and black, rise on both sides of the Liwu River, forming a winding passage that reveals the power of nature, creating a gorge that offers breathtaking views along its trails and viewpoints. The crystal-clear water of the river and the waterfalls cascading down the cliffs create a serene atmosphere that attracts hikers and photographers from around the world.
Qingshui Cliff
The Qingshui Cliff is another prominent geographical feature in Taroko’s protected area. Located on the east coast, the cliff rises abruptly over the Pacific Ocean, reaching heights of over 800 meters. This is one of the few places in Taiwan where the mountains meet the sea directly, offering panoramic views of both the ocean and the plunging cliffs. The road that passes by the Qingshui Cliff is a well-traveled scenic route.
Mount Hehuan
Mount Hehuan, also known as Hehuanshan, is one of the highest mountains in Taroko National Park, with an altitude of 3,416 meters. This peak is famous for its impressive views and easy accessibility, making it a popular hiking destination. Along its slopes, alpine meadows can be found, which are unusual in Taiwan’s subtropical climate. Mount Hehuan is also known as one of the best places to see snow in Taiwan during the winter.
Baiyang Valley
Baiyang Valley is a scenic region within the park, known for the Baiyang Trail and its waterfalls. The Baiyang River runs through this valley, creating a series of waterfalls, the most famous of which is Baiyang Waterfall. The trail through the valley includes tunnels carved into the rock and viewpoints over the river, providing an immersive experience in the park’s natural beauty.
Liwu River
The Liwu River is the park’s main artery, and along its course, numerous waterfalls can be found, such as the famous Baiyang Waterfall and Shuilian Waterfall. These waterfalls offer spectacular and refreshing views during hikes on nearby trails. The river has been one of the shaping forces of the Taroko Gorge, eroding the rock over millions of years to create the deep ravines and gorges that characterize the park.
Shakadang Trail
This trail follows the course of the Shakadang River and is known for the clear waters that flow along its route. Along the way, marble rock formations and lush vegetation can be seen, creating a peaceful environment for hiking. The trail is relatively easy to walk, making it an excellent option for families and casual hikers.
Lushui Trail
The Lushui Trail, shorter but equally scenic, offers spectacular views of the gorge and surrounding cliffs. Along the route, caves, tunnels, and ancient paths used by the local inhabitants can be observed. It is ideal for those looking for a shorter walk without missing the park’s views.
Baiyang Trail
The Baiyang Trail is one of the most popular routes in Taroko National Park, known for its spectacular landscapes and accessibility. The trail follows the course of the Baiyang River, offering views along the valley and leading to a series of impressive waterfalls. One of the highlights of the route is the Baiyang Tunnel, a passage carved into the rock that adds a sense of adventure to the hike.
The trail is approximately 2.1 kilometers (one way), making it an easy hike for most visitors. At the end of the trail is the Baiyang Waterfall, which cascades over several levels, creating a visual and auditory spectacle. For those seeking a more immersive experience, the trail also includes the Water Curtain Tunnel, where you can walk as small waterfalls drip from the tunnel ceiling. It is recommended to bring raincoats or umbrellas to enjoy this section without getting wet.
Zhuilu Suspension Bridge
This suspension bridge, one of the park’s most iconic structures, connects two cliffs over Taroko Gorge. Crossing the bridge offers impressive views of the river and the marble walls around it. It is a popular spot for both thrill-seekers and photographers looking to capture the park’s unique landscape.
Eternal Spring Shrine (Changchun)
Built in honor of the workers who lost their lives during the construction of the Central Cross-Island Highway, the Eternal Spring Shrine sits on a cliff overlooking the river. The shrine is a symbol of peace and resilience and offers a space for reflection, as well as being an excellent place to contemplate the waterfalls surrounding it.
In addition to the Eternal Spring Shrine, Taroko has other monuments that celebrate both its cultural heritage and modern history. These sites offer an opportunity to learn more about the region’s legacy and its connection to nature.
Cycling and Other Adventure Sports
Cycling is another popular activity within the park, especially along the Central Cross-Island Highway. Cyclists can enjoy spectacular views as they ride along the narrow roads that wind between mountains and cliffs. Additionally, there are options for climbing and rafting on the Liwu River.
Nature Observation Areas
For those who prefer a more relaxed experience, the park offers multiple observation points where it is possible to view wildlife and native flora. The areas around the rivers and waterfalls are especially popular for nature photography enthusiasts.
Historic Indigenous Communities in Taroko
Taroko National Park has been home to various indigenous peoples, such as the Truku and Atayal. These communities have developed a symbiotic relationship with the natural environment, using the park’s resources sustainably. Throughout the park, there are cultural references, and visitors can learn about the traditional practices of these groups through interpretive centers and monuments.
Taroko Cuisine
The Taroko region, located in eastern Taiwan, offers a variety of local flavors that reflect both indigenous traditions and the influence of Taiwanese cuisine. Throughout the park and in nearby towns, visitors can enjoy unique dishes made with fresh, local ingredients from the area.
Truku Indigenous Cuisine
The cuisine of the indigenous Truku people, who inhabit the Taroko region, is based on local products such as wild vegetables, game meat, and river fish. Dishes like smoked pork and grilled fish, cooked using traditional techniques, are common at stalls and restaurants near the park. Bamboo leaves are also used to wrap and cook rice and meat, giving it a distinctive flavor.
Hualien Rice Noodles
One of the region’s most famous dishes is Hualien rice noodles, made from local rice and typically served with a clear soup or accompanied by pork or chicken. This dish is a quick and delicious option for those looking for a light meal before heading into the park’s hiking trails.
Fresh Fish and Seafood
Thanks to Taroko’s proximity to Taiwan’s east coast, fresh fish and seafood are an important part of the local cuisine. Grilled salted fish and steamed seafood, such as shrimp and clams, are popular choices at Hualien’s restaurants. These dishes stand out for their freshness and simplicity, enhancing the natural flavor of the seafood.
Tropical Fruits
The region is also rich in fresh tropical fruits, such as pineapple, mango, and papaya. These fruits, available at local markets, are a refreshing accompaniment during the warm summer months and a healthy option for those looking for something light after a day of hiking.
Accommodation in Taroko
Taroko National Park offers various accommodation options both within the park and in its surrounding areas. From guesthouses to boutique hotels, there is a range of places that cater to different budgets and preferences. Below are some of the most recommended locations for their proximity and cultural interest.
Accommodation in Hualien
Hualien is the city closest to Taroko National Park and offers a wide range of accommodations, from budget hostels to luxury hotels. Hualien is an excellent base for exploring the park, as it provides easy access by road and public transport. Additionally, the city has a vibrant cultural scene, with night markets, restaurants, and a mix of indigenous and colonial influences, making it an attractive place to stay.
Accommodation in Xincheng
Xincheng, a small town near the park’s entrance, is another option for those seeking proximity. Here, you will find small guesthouses and family-run hotels that offer a quieter, more nature-focused experience. Additionally, Xincheng has the train station closest to Taroko, making it convenient for traveling to other areas of the region.
Accommodation in Taipei
For those wishing to combine their visit to Taroko National Park with a stay in Taiwan’s capital, Taipei offers an extensive range of accommodations. Although it is about 2-3 hours by train from Hualien, many people choose to stay in Taipei to explore both the natural wonders of the park and the city’s urban attractions, such as its temples, museums, and the iconic Taipei 101.
Accommodation in Tianxiang
Tianxiang is a small village within the park that offers comfortable and picturesque lodging for those who prefer to stay close to the trails. Here, you will find hotels and inns surrounded by nature, providing guests with a more immersive experience. Tianxiang is also an ideal starting point for exploring routes such as the Baiyang Trail and other key areas of the park.
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