National Parks in Turkey, Protected Areas, and Nature Reserves

The national parks of Turkey total 33, adding 16 protected areas designated as nature reserves and natural parks. The country is full of contrasts, with a rich history and well-preserved areas. These national parks preserve some of the most spectacular landscapes in the world and bear witness to centuries of history and traditions. Discover Turkish national parks that feature everything from mighty mountains to valleys filled with wildlife, exploring the uniqueness and richness each one has to offer. Are you ready to embark on a journey through the natural wonders of Turkey?

Content

1 Information about Turkey’s National Parks
2 Turkey’s National Parks
3 Nature Reserves and Natural Parks of Turkey

Information about Turkey’s National Parks

Turkey’s national parks not only conserve important ecosystems but also protect historical monuments and areas with great cultural value. From mountainous landscapes to vast coastal areas, these natural spaces offer a unique diversity that attracts both outdoor enthusiasts and those interested in history and biodiversity. With a constantly growing national park system, Turkey is committed to preserving these places for future generations.

Turkey’s National Parks

Göreme Historical

Dilek Peninsula-Büyük Menderes Delta

Located in Cappadocia, the Göreme National Park and the Fairy Chimneys is known for its fascinating rock formations shaped like "fairy chimneys" and its ancient rock-carved churches, which contain well-preserved frescoes. A perfect destination for geology and history lovers, it features unique rock formations (fairy chimneys) formed by erosion over millennia. These structures create an otherworldly landscape that captivates every visitor. Additionally, the Göreme Valley is not only a natural spectacle but also an important historical site.

The cave churches found on its cliffs were carved by Christian communities during the early centuries of the Christian era, and many of them still preserve frescoes that depict biblical scenes. Furthermore, the trails that cross the valley allow visitors to enjoy both the geological formations and the ancient rock settlements. It is an ideal destination for hiking enthusiasts and those seeking a direct connection to ancient history.

Dilek Peninsula and Büyük Menderes Delta National Park, located on the Dilek Peninsula, combines sandy beaches, rugged mountains, and a unique coastal ecosystem. It is ideal for water activities, hiking, and observing rare species of flora and fauna.

Mount Nemrut National Park

Located in the eastern region of Anatolia, this park is famous for its colossal statues and tombs of the Commagene civilization, dating back to the 1st century BC. Besides its historical significance, it offers panoramic views from the summit of Mount Nemrut. Rising over 2,000 meters above sea level, Mount Nemrut offers sweeping views of the surrounding mountains. This area is not only known for its landscapes but also for its historical importance. Visit the remains of the Kingdom of Commagene in the Mount Nemrut National Park in Turkey, with unique monuments scattered at the summit that reflect a blend of Greek and Persian influences. The statues of gods, lions, and eagles, guarding ancient tombs, are an impressive example of the art of the time.

Munzur Valley National Park

Munzur Valley National Park, located in the Tunceli region of eastern Turkey, is home to great biodiversity within its mountainous landscapes. With its crystal-clear rivers and rich flora and fauna, it is a haven for wildlife and holds cultural significance for local communities. It is widely visited for its biological diversity and rugged mountains, being the habitat for several endemic species, and also covered by dense forests of pine and oak. The Munzur Valley has special cultural significance for local communities, also serving as a pilgrimage site for many. The traditions and legends surrounding this region increase its appeal. In the park, you can find species such as brown bears, wolves, and ibex, along with rich flora that includes several protected species. It is a haven for wildlife and a perfect place for wildlife watchers.

Beyşehir Lake National Park

Beyşehir Lake, the largest freshwater lake in Turkey, is surrounded by mountains and is home to many species of migratory birds. It is ideal for birdwatching and water activities such as fishing and kayaking. Beyşehir Lake National Park hosts a wide variety of wildlife and provides a vital habitat for many bird species. The lake is an important stopover point for migratory birds, making it a popular destination for birdwatching. It is also home to several fish species, making it ideal for recreational fishing. The tranquility of the lake relaxes as you watch birds or enjoy water sports like kayaking. It is an ideal destination for those seeking nature-related activities.

Kaz Dağı National Park (Mount Ida)

Famous for its mention in Greek mythology, this park combines history and nature. Its dense forests and crystal-clear springs make it an ideal place for hiking and observing endemic species. Mount Ida, or Kaz Dağı, is deeply linked to Greek mythology, being mentioned in various legends. This park offers a rich combination of history and nature, attracting both mythology lovers and outdoor enthusiasts. The mountain hosts a diverse flora, with many endemic species thriving on its slopes. Additionally, it is home to species such as the imperial eagle and the lynx, making it a key conservation area for wildlife in Turkey. It features several mountain trails, with opportunities for hiking and wildlife observation.

The park is also popular for its camping areas, offering a direct connection to nature.

Köprülü Canyon National Park

Köprülü Canyon is famous for its scenic beauty and is a popular destination for rafting on the Köprüçay River. Its rocky walls and dense vegetation attract adventurers and nature lovers alike. Köprülü Canyon is a geological area that impresses, carved by the Köprüçay River over thousands of years. Its steep walls and clear waters make this park an ideal destination for adventure lovers. It hosts a rich diversity of animal species, including birds of prey and mammals. The river is also home to several fish species, making it a popular destination for fishing.

One of the park’s major attractions is rafting on the Köprüçay River. With thrilling rapids, it is a highly sought destination for water sports enthusiasts. In addition, you can hike through the canyon, enjoying the towering landscape.

Yedigöller National Park (Seven Lakes)

This park is characterized by its seven interconnected lakes, surrounded by lush forests. Yedigöller National Park (Seven Lakes) is a much-loved destination for campers and nature photographers, especially in the fall when the foliage colors intensify.

Uludağ Mountain National Park

Located near Bursa, Uludağ Mountain is known for its ski resort in winter and its hiking trails in summer. It is a highly visited park by winter sports enthusiasts and those seeking outdoor adventures.

Saklıkent National Park

The park is home to the impressive Saklıkent Canyon, a narrow gorge extending 18 km. Hiking through the canyon is exceptional, enjoying the clear waters of the river and exploring its unique flora.

Eastern Black Sea National Park

This park encompasses the mountains and coastlines of the Black Sea region, with rich biodiversity and incredible mountain landscapes. Eastern Black Sea National Park is ideal for ecotourism and offers hiking trails that lead through lush forests and valleys.

Soğuksu National Park

Located in Ankara, Soğuksu National Park is known for its pine forests and as an important habitat for brown bears. It is a perfect spot for hiking and wildlife observation in a peaceful and natural setting.

Mount Güllük-Termessos National Park

This park is home to the ruins of the ancient city of Termessos, famous for its amphitheater and stunning views of the surrounding mountains. Mount Güllük-Termessos National Park combines archaeology and nature, making it one of the most interesting parks for explorers.

Kuş Lake National Park (Manyas Lake)

Located near the Sea of Marmara, Kuş Lake National Park (Manyas Lake) is a refuge for over 270 bird species. Its importance as a bird conservation area makes it a popular destination for birdwatching enthusiasts.

Mount Alaçam National Park

Located in the Aegean region, Mount Alaçam National Park stands out for its dense vegetation and hiking trails that offer panoramic views. It is a popular destination for hikers and nature lovers.

Altındere National Park

Famous for the Sumela Monastery, built on a cliff, this park offers a unique combination of history and natural landscapes, with dense forests and rivers winding through deep valleys. Read the guide to Altındere National Park.

Mount Ilgaz National Park

Located in northwestern Turkey, this park offers winter activities such as skiing, as well as hiking trails through its lush forests. Its alpine landscapes make it an attractive destination year-round. Discover what Mount Ilgaz National Park has to offer.

Hatila National Park

This park is located in the Black Sea region and is characterized by its enormous biological diversity. Its deep valleys and rivers make it an attractive destination for nature lovers and ecotourism.

Mount Spil National Park

Famous for its scenic beauty and mythological legends, Mount Spil offers truly beautiful landscapes and abundant flora and fauna. It is known for the wildflowers that cover its slopes in spring.

Mount Honaz National Park

With the highest point in the Aegean region, this park is ideal for hiking and cave exploration. Additionally, its mountainous landscapes host rich biodiversity, including several endemic species.

Karatepe-Aslantaş National Park

This park houses important archaeological ruins from the Hittite period, surrounded by dense forests. It’s a destination that combines history and nature, ideal for those looking to learn more about the ancient Hittite civilization.

Kızıldağ National Park

Located in southwestern Turkey, the park is known for its cedar and pine forests, as well as its mountainous landscapes. It is an ideal destination for hiking and ecotourism.

Gelibolu Peninsula National Park

This park commemorates the Gallipoli Campaign during World War I and is a site of great historical importance. It attracts those interested in history and paying tribute to fallen soldiers.

Troy National Park

The park houses the ruins of the ancient city of Troy, one of the most famous archaeological sites in the world. It is a must-visit destination for lovers of classical history and archaeology.

Mount Köroğlu National Park

This park is located in the Black Sea region and is known for its forests and alpine meadows. It offers excellent opportunities for hiking and mountaineering in a peaceful setting.

Gölcük National Park

Famous for its picturesque lake surrounded by forests, the park is ideal for recreational activities such as picnicking and hiking. Its serene landscapes make it a popular destination for family getaways.

Mount Küre National Park

This park is noted for its karst landscapes, with canyons, caves, and waterfalls creating a unique natural environment. It is ideal for adventurers looking to explore the region’s geological formations.

Mount Sülüklügöl National Park

Located in the Bolu region, this park is known for its natural lake and dense forests. It is a refuge for diverse species of flora and fauna, as well as an ideal destination for hiking and birdwatching.

Sarıkamış-Allahuekber National Park

This park is a historical site commemorating the fallen soldiers during the Caucasus Campaign in World War I. Besides its historical significance, it is known for its pine forests and mountainous landscapes.

Ballıca Valley National Park

This park is famous for the Ballıca Cave, one of the most prized karst formations in Turkey. You can explore the cave, which offers a unique experience with its underground geological formations.

Mount Ağrı (Mount Ararat) National Park

Mount Ararat, the highest peak in Turkey, is known for its significance in biblical history and its spectacular landscapes. It is a popular destination for mountaineers and adventurers.

Karagöl-Sahara National Park

Located in northeastern Turkey, this park combines tranquil lakes and high-altitude meadows. It is ideal for outdoor activities such as hiking and camping in a peaceful natural setting.

Aladağlar National Park

Famous for its rugged mountains and canyons, Aladağlar National Park is one of Turkey’s top destinations for mountaineering. It offers routes for climbers of all levels and is home to several endemic species.

Nature Reserves and Natural Parks of Turkey

Uluabat Gölü Nature Reserve

Located in the province of Bursa, this reserve is home to Uluabat Lake, known for its biodiversity and as an important habitat for waterfowl.

Çamlıbel Tabiat Parkı Nature Reserve

Located in the Aegean region, this reserve is noted for its forested landscapes and the protection of endemic flora species.

Ballıkayalar Natural Park

A popular destination for climbing and hiking, Ballıkayalar is a rocky gorge near Gebze that offers impressive geological formations and adventure routes.

Ayvalık Islands Natural Park

Comprised of several islands off the Aegean coast, this natural park is known for its beaches, crystal-clear waters, and marine biodiversity.

Sakarya Karagöl Natural Park

Located in the Black Sea region, the park offers a natural lake surrounded by wooded hills, ideal for hiking and camping.

Sülüklügöl Nature Reserve

Located in Bolu, this reserve is known for its lake formed after a landslide and its ecosystem of forests and wetlands.

Ilgaz Dağı Natural Park

Located in northwestern Turkey, Ilgaz Dağı offers alpine landscapes and is popular for winter activities such as skiing.

Gölcük Tabiat Parkı Natural Park

This area near Bolu is famous for its picturesque lake surrounded by lush forests, a popular destination for picnicking and hiking.

Acarlar Longozu Nature Reserve

Acarlar Longozu is a freshwater swamp located near Sakarya, known for its rich biodiversity and its importance as a refuge for migratory birds.

Karagöl-Sahara Natural Park

This park, located in northeastern Turkey, combines alpine meadows with tranquil lakes, offering a refuge for diverse species of flora and fauna.

Dilek Yarımadası Nature Reserve

This protected area covers the Dilek Peninsula and its surroundings, offering a combination of mountains, Mediterranean forests, and wildlife.

Küre Dağları Natural Park

With karst landscapes and exceptional biodiversity, Küre Dağları extends through the Black Sea region, offering hiking trails and wildlife observation zones.

Soğuksu Milli Parkı Nature Reserve

Located in Ankara, this reserve protects pine forests and serves as a refuge for the brown bear, along with other wildlife species.

Gelibolu Yarımadası Nature Reserve

It protects the Gallipoli Peninsula, an area of historical importance due to its role in World War I, as well as its unique biodiversity.

Altındere Vadisi Natural Park

Known for housing the Sumela Monastery, this natural park also protects lush forests and rivers that run through deep valleys.

Yalova Termal Nature Reserve

Situated in the Marmara region, it is famous for its natural thermal waters and forested landscapes, offering opportunities for health and wellness tourism.